Accessibility of Websites of the European National Tourism Boards

1. Which organization is widely recognized in the field of website accessibility?

A

W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)

B

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

C

European Union (EU) institutions and bodies

D

Web Accessibility in Mind (WebAIM)

2. How are the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) categorized?

A

Principles of perceptibility, operability, understandability, and robustness

B

Levels A, AA, and AAA representing different levels of accessibility

C

Quantitative, automated, subjective, screening, and user testing methods

D

Conformance review and automated testing methods

3. Which method is most suitable for the quantitative or routine verification of web accessibility?

A

Subjective assessment

B

User testing

C

Automated testing

D

Screening techniques

4. Which automated tools were used for web accessibility testing in this research?

A

AChecker and Accessibility Evaluation Tool (WAVE)

B

WCAG 2.1 checklist and WebAIM initiative

C

AChecker and WCAG 2.1 checklist

D

WAVE and WebAIM initiative

5. How are the checkpoints in the WCAG 2.1 checklist rated during the testing process?

A

Fulfilled (1) or failed (0)

B

Passed (1) or failed (0)

C

Compliant (1) or non-compliant (0)

D

Met (1) or unmet (0)

6. What does the testing methodology in this research primarily focus on?

A

Quantifying the degree of fulfilment for each checkpoint

B

Analyzing the frequency and significance of broken checkpoints

C

Assessing whether the checkpoints are met or not

D

Identifying specific errors found by automated tools

7. Which criterion was identified as the worst-ranked criterion among the EU tourism boards' websites?

A

Criterion 1.1.1 (Non-text Content)

B

Criterion 1.2.3 (Alternative for time-based media)

C

Criterion 1.3.1 (Information, structure, and relationships)

D

Criterion 1.4.4 (Text resizing without assistive technology)

8. What is a recommended solution for addressing the problem with criterion 2.4.6 (Headings and labels)?

A

Modifying the content management system to prevent duplicate headings

B

Adding a background that provides sufficient contrast for text used over images

C

Including the title attribute for all hypertext graphics

D

Correcting the duplication of first-level headings in the page template

9. What is the recommended solution for addressing the problem with criterion 3.3.2 (Labels or Instructions)?

A

Adding the long attribute to the tag to specify the language

B

Appending the label attribute to all search form fields

C

Using a code validator like https://validator.w3.org/ to check for syntax errors

D

Modifying the site templates to ensure a fully replaceable desig

10. Which criterion was identified as the most challenging to address due to complex website designs?

A

Criterion 1.1.1 (Non-text Content)

B

Criterion 1.2.3 (Alternative for time-based media)

C

Criterion 1.3.1 (Information, structure, and relationships)

D

Criterion 1.4.4 (Text resizing without loss of functionality)

11. According to the comparative analysis of tourist centers, which web portals showed slightly lower levels of accessibility?

A

Greece, Malta, Slovakia, Portugal, and the Netherlands

B

Denmark, Poland, Latvia, and Spai

C

Greece, Malta, Slovakia, and the Netherlands

D

Denmark, Poland, Latvia, Spain, and Portugal

12. What is one limitation of the research study mentioned in the paper?

A

Limited sample size from 27 European countries

B

Exclusively automated testing without user involvement

C

Inability to determine statistical significance

D

Absence of dialogue between national tourist centers and non-profit organizations